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Barent Gardenier (July 28, 1776 -– January 10, 1822) was an American lawyer and politician from New York. He was a United States Representative from 1807 to 1811. ==Biography== Barent Gardenier was born in Kinderhook, New York on July 28, 1776.〔Hollace Carey Gordinier, (Gardenier: Ephraim Gordinier, 1785-1860: His Ancestors and Descendants Including the First Two Generations of Gardeniers in America ), 1990, page 2〕 He received a liberal education, studied law at Litchfield Law School〔Marian C. McKenna, (Tapping Reeve and the Litchfield Law School ), 1986, page 190〕 and was admitted to the bar.〔Joseph Rodman Drake, Fitz-Greene Halleck, (The Croakers ), 1860, pages 165-166〕 In 1801 he married Sally (Sarah) Lawrence.〔Jerome Bonaparte Holgate, (American Genealogy: Being a History of Some of the Early Settlers of North America ), 1851, page 214〕〔Baltimore: Genealogical Pub. Co., (Baptismal and Marriage Registers of the Old Dutch Church of Kingston, Ulster County, New York, 1660-1809 ), 1980, submitted to Genealogy Trails by Foxie Hagerty〕 Gardenier practiced in Kingston, New York and was also editor and publisher of a Federalist newspaper, the New York Courier.〔Thurlow Weed, Thurlow Weed Barnes, (Life of Thurlow Weed Including His Autobiography and a Memoir ), Volume 1, 1884, page 56〕 He was elected as a Federalist to the 10th and 11th United States Congresses, and served from March 4, 1807, to March 4, 1811.〔Weed, Parsons and Company, (List and Forms of Government of the Colony and State of New York ), 1879, page 335〕 He had a heated controversy with Senator John Armstrong relating to the latter’s alleged authorship of the famous Newburgh letters, anonymous circulars in which the author (presumably Armstong) had attempted unsuccessfully to instigate Continental Army soldiers to act against Congress at the end of the American Revolution in order to secure back pay, pensions and land grants that had been promised but were not immediately forthcoming. Armstong denied writing the letters, but historians are of the view that Armstrong was the author. By the early 1800s Armstrong was a Democratic-Republican politician and follower of Jefferson, which caused the Federalist Gardenier to highlight Armstrong's supposed authorship of the Newburgh letters as a campaign issue.〔John C. Fredriksen, (The United States Army: A Chronology, 1775 to the Present ), 2010, page 46〕〔Jacob Judd, editor, (The Van Cortlandt Family Papers ), Volume 1, 1976, page 94〕〔Carl Edward Skeen, (John Armstrong, Jr., 1758-1843: A Biography ), 1981, pages 48, 237〕 In 1808 Gardenier fought a duel with George W. Campbell, a fellow congressman, resulting from Gardenier's opposition to the Jefferson administration's trade embargo with Great Britain and France. Campbell, as one of the leaders of the Administration Party, was angered at Gardenier's speech, and in Gardenier's view included personal insults in his speech countering Gardenier. Gardenier challenged Campbell, and their duel was notable as being the first on what became the Bladensburg, Maryland dueling field. Gardenier was wounded, but subsequently recovered and won reelection.〔Richard Buel, (America on the Brink ), 2005, pages 64-65〕〔Ryan Chamberlain, (Pistols, Politics and the Press: Dueling in 19th Century American Journalism ), 2009, page 36〕〔Harper & Brothers, (Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History from 458 A. D. to 1909 ), Volume 1, 1905, page 358〕 From 1813 to 1815, Gardenier was District Attorney of the First District which included New York, Queens, Kings, Suffolk, Richmond and Westchester Counties.〔John Thomas Scharf, editor, (History of Westchester County, New York ), Volume 1, Part 2, 1925, page 653〕 Gardenier died in New York City on January 10, 1822〔New York Newspaper Death Notice Extracts, 1801-1890 (Barber Collection), entry for Barent Gardenier, retrieved via Ancestry.com, September 23, 2013〕〔Hale Cemetery Inscriptions, 1675-1934, entry for Barent Gardenier, retrieved via Ancestry.com, September 23, 2013〕 He is buried at Kingston's First Reformed Church. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Barent Gardenier」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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